Some of the features required for classifying English sounds.
|
Feature
Name
|
Classificatory
Possibilities
|
English
Sounds
|
|
Voice
|
[+ voice]
|
b, d, g, v, z, ð,
dʒ, ʒ, m, n, η, l, r, w, j (and all vowels)
|
|
[- voice]
|
p, t, k, f, s, θ, t∫, ∫, h
|
|
|
Labial
|
----
|
p, b, m, f, v
|
|
Coronal
|
[+anterior]
|
θ, ð, t, d, n, s, z, l, r
|
|
[- anterior]
|
t∫, dʒ, ∫, ʒ, j
(and front vowels)
|
|
|
Dorsal
|
----
|
k, g, η, w (and back
vowels)
|
|
Stricture
|
[stop]
|
p, t, k, b, d, g, m, n,
η
|
|
[fricative]
|
f, v, s, z, h, θ, ð,
∫, ʒ, t∫, dʒ
|
|
|
[approximant]
|
r, l, j, w (and all vowels)
|
|
|
Nasal
|
[+ nasal]
|
m, n, η
|
|
[- nasal]
|
all other segments
|
|
|
Lateral
|
[+ lateral]
|
l
|
|
[- lateral]
|
all other segments
|
|
|
Sibilant
|
[+ sibilant]
|
s, z, ∫, ʒ, t∫, dʒ
|
|
[- sibilant]
|
all other segments
|
|
|
Back
|
[+ back]
|
u, u:, ɒ, ɔ:, a: k, g, w, η
|
|
[- back]
|
i:, I, e, æ, ə, ɜ:, ۸, (and all
other segments)
|
|
|
Syllabic
|
[+ syllabic]
|
all vowels & diphthongs
|
|
[- syllabic]
|
all consonants
|
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